Research Report

United States Air Quality Assessment 2024-2025: Regional Deficiencies, Pollutant Drivers, and State Rankings

Aliff Capital Research Team December 11, 2025 47 views

1. Executive Summary

The status of air quality in the United States currently exists in a state of complex duality. On one hand, the aggregated emissions of criteria pollutants—carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, particulate matter, and sulfur dioxide—have declined significantly over the past decades, driven by the successes of the Clean Air Act and technological advancements in emission controls.¹

On the other hand, the 2024 and 2025 reporting periods highlight a disturbing stagnation, and in some cases a reversal, of these trends in specific geographic pockets, driven by a confluence of climate-induced meteorological changes, persistent industrial legacies, and a tightening of federal health standards.

This report serves as an exhaustive ranking database and analytical review of the "worst" air quality districts and states across the nation. However, defining "worst" is no longer a singular exercise. The 2024 revision of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for annual fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from 12.0 µg/m³ to 9.0 µg/m³ has fundamentally altered the compliance map of the United States.²

Areas that were previously considered "in attainment" are now classified as violators, triggering new legal and regulatory obligations. This shift validates long-standing epidemiological evidence that lower levels of pollution previously deemed "safe" are, in fact, hazardous to human health.

Furthermore, a methodological chasm has opened between traditional regulatory reporting (such as the American Lung Association's "State of the Air") and newer, sensor-driven data aggregators (like IQAir and HouseFresh). While California's San Joaquin Valley remains the undisputed regulatory epicenter of chronic pollution violations, newer analyses utilizing land-weighted averages and low-cost sensor networks have flagged states like Georgia and Ohio as emerging hotspots for particulate exposure, challenging conventional wisdom.⁴

This document navigates these conflicting narratives to provide a nuanced, data-driven hierarchy of pollution. It dissects the "Columbus Anomaly," investigates the toxicological burden of Louisiana's "Cancer Alley" which often escapes standard criteria pollutant rankings, and details the unique meteorological traps of Fairbanks, Alaska. It provides a definitive resource for understanding where, why, and how Americans are breathing unhealthy air in the mid-2020s.

2. Methodological Frameworks

To accurately interpret the rankings presented in this report, it is imperative to understand the distinct methodologies used by the monitoring organizations. The dissonance between a city ranking "worst" on one list and "moderate" on another is rarely an error of data, but rather a difference in the question being asked.

2.1 The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Design Value System

The EPA's Design Value is the foundational metric for federal regulatory compliance. It is a statistic calculated to smooth out anomalies and determine if a region is meeting the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

Ozone (O₃): The design value is calculated as the 3-year average of the annual 4th-highest daily maximum 8-hour average ozone concentration. This metric ignores the absolute worst days (the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd highest) to account for outliers, focusing instead on the persistence of high pollution levels.⁶

Annual PM2.5: The design value is the 3-year average of the weighted annual mean concentration. This is the primary metric affected by the 2024 tightening of the standard to 9.0 µg/m³.³

24-Hour PM2.5: The design value is the 3-year average of the 98th percentile of 24-hour concentrations. This metric is designed to capture short-term spikes, such as those caused by winter inversions or wildfire smoke.⁷

Implication: EPA data is conservative. It often excludes "exceptional events"—such as massive wildfire smoke plumes—if states successfully petition that these events were beyond their control. Consequently, EPA regulatory data may underrepresent the actual air quality experienced by a resident during a wildfire season, as those days are mathematically excised from the compliance record.⁸

2.2 The American Lung Association (ALA) "State of the Air" Methodology

The ALA methodology is centered on exposure rather than regulatory compliance. It utilizes a weighted average system that assigns increasing values to days with worse air quality (Orange, Red, Purple, Maroon).⁹

The Weighting Formula: The ALA assigns a weight of 1 to "Orange" days, 1.5 to "Red" days, 2.0 to "Purple" days, and 2.5 to "Maroon" days. These are summed and averaged over a three-year period.

The Grading Scale: A weighted average of 3.2 or higher results in an "F" grade.

Implication: This system heavily penalizes regions with high volatility. A city with pristine air for 300 days but 65 days of "Unhealthy" air (common in the Intermountain West during fire season) will rank worse than a city with consistently mediocre but rarely hazardous air. This explains why Western cities dominate the ALA "Short-Term Particle Pollution" lists.¹⁰

2.3 IQAir, HouseFresh, and Sensor-Driven Rankings

Entities like HouseFresh and IQAir utilize data that often includes real-time sensors (like PurpleAir) alongside regulatory monitors. Their methodologies can differ significantly in how they aggregate state-level data.

The Land-Area Weighting Distortion: In 2024, HouseFresh employed a methodology that weighted cities within a state based on land area rather than population. This unique approach elevated states with large rural areas and specific point-source pollution—such as Georgia—to the top of the "worst" list, surpassing California.⁴ This contrasts with population-weighted rankings which almost universally place California first due to the density of the Los Angeles and San Joaquin Valley populations living in nonattainment zones.¹²

3. The 2024 Regulatory Shift: The 9.0 µg/m³ Standard

The defining event for air quality analysis in 2024 and 2025 is the EPA's revision of the primary annual PM2.5 standard. By lowering the threshold from 12.0 µg/m³ to 9.0 µg/m³, the EPA has effectively reclassified the air quality of millions of Americans from "acceptable" to "unhealthy".²

This change is grounded in extensive scientific review linking long-term exposure to lower levels of PM2.5 with increased risks of premature death, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory impacts.¹⁴ The policy shift has immediate and profound implications for regional rankings, as areas that spent decades achieving the 12.0 standard are now thrust back into nonattainment.

Table 1: Major Counties Projected to Violate the New 9.0 µg/m³ Standard

County (City/Region)	State	Previous Status (12.0 Standard)	2021-2023 Design Value	Implications of New Status
Kern County (Bakersfield)	CA	Nonattainment	16.2 µg/m³	Continued severe nonattainment; requires intensified controls on ag/oil.
Tulare County (Visalia)	CA	Nonattainment	~16.0 µg/m³	Remains among the worst in the nation.
Wayne County (Detroit)	MI	Attainment	~11.6 µg/m³	New Nonattainment. Major industrial/transportation SIP revisions required.
Sacramento County	CA	Attainment	9.9 µg/m³	New Nonattainment. Requires new controls on residential burning/transport.
San Francisco Bay Area	CA	Attainment	9.6 µg/m³	New Nonattainment. Shifts focus to wood smoke and port emissions.
Fulton County (Atlanta)	GA	Attainment	9.5 µg/m³	New Nonattainment. Puts pressure on Atlanta's sprawl and traffic management.
San Diego County	CA	Attainment	9.2 µg/m³	New Nonattainment. Border transport and port emissions focus.
Allegheny (Pittsburgh)	PA	Maintenance	~10.9 µg/m³	New Nonattainment. Reverses "clean" status; focus on industrial sources.
Mecklenburg (Charlotte)	NC	Attainment	~9.0 µg/m³	Borderline status; risks tipping into nonattainment.

The reclassification of Detroit (Wayne County) and Atlanta (Fulton County) is particularly significant. These regions had largely celebrated their "clean air" successes in the 2010s. The new standard reveals that the industrial corridors of the Midwest and the traffic-choked arteries of the Southeast still pose significant health risks, even if they have improved from the smoggy days of the late 20th century.¹⁶

4. Comprehensive District Rankings: The "Worst" by Category

To provide a granular understanding of pollution, we must categorize districts by the specific pollutant type. The "worst" city for ozone is rarely the "worst" city for soot, although the San Joaquin Valley unfortunately competes for both titles.

4.1 The Ozone (Smog) Crisis: West Coast Dominance

Ground-level ozone remains the most widespread air pollutant in the United States. It is a secondary pollutant formed when nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react in the presence of sunlight and heat. Consequently, the rankings are dominated by the sun-drenched, traffic-heavy basins of the West and Southwest.

Table 2: Top 25 Most Polluted Districts by Ozone (2024 ALA Ranking)

Data synthesized from American Lung Association State of the Air 2024.¹⁰

Rank	Metropolitan Area	States	Primary Drivers & Context
1	Los Angeles-Long Beach	CA	The combination of massive port emissions, dense freeway networks, and a topographic basin that traps pollutants under a thermal inversion makes LA the perennial ozone capital. Recent studies indicate cooking emissions are now a major source of VOCs, rivaling fossil fuels.¹⁸
2	Visalia	CA	Located in the San Joaquin Valley, Visalia suffers from transported pollution from the Bay Area and local agricultural emissions, trapped against the Sierra Nevada mountains.¹⁹
3	Bakersfield	CA	The southern terminus of the Central Valley; pollutants have nowhere to escape. High oil extraction activity contributes VOCs.
4	Fresno-Madera-Hanford	CA	Central Valley geography combined with heavy freight transport along Highway 99.
5	Phoenix-Mesa	AZ	Extreme heat, intense UV radiation, and rapid urban sprawl drive ozone formation. Biogenic emissions from desert vegetation also contribute VOCs.²⁰
6	Denver-Aurora	CO	High altitude intensifies UV radiation. Oil and gas operations in the DJ Basin are significant contributors to VOC precursors.
7	Houston-Pasadena	TX	The petrochemical capital of the U.S. Extensive refining operations release massive amounts of VOCs, which cook in the humid Gulf Coast heat.
8	San Diego-Chula Vista	CA	Transported pollution from the LA basin to the north and border emissions to the south, combined with local port activity.
9	Salt Lake City-Provo	UT	The "Salt Lake Bowl" traps pollutants. While famous for winter inversions (PM), summer ozone is rising due to population growth and heat.
10	Dallas-Fort Worth	TX	Sprawling traffic networks and industrial emissions across a massive metroplex.
11	Sacramento-Roseville	CA	Receives polluted air masses from the Bay Area; hot summer temperatures drive reaction rates.
12	Las Vegas-Henderson	NV	High heat and transport from California. Recent trends show improvement, but levels remain unhealthy for sensitive groups.
13	Fort Collins	CO	Proximity to oil and gas fields and transport from the Denver metro area.
14	San Jose-SF-Oakland	CA	Mobile sources are the primary driver. While coastal breezes help, inland valleys trap smog.
15	Chicago-Naperville	IL-IN-WI	The highest-ranked district east of the Mississippi (excluding Houston). Diesel emissions from being the nation's rail/freight hub are a major factor.
16	New York-Newark	NY-NJ	Density and traffic volume. High NOx emissions from building heating systems and old infrastructure.
17	El Centro	CA	Agricultural burning and cross-border transport in the Imperial Valley.
18	El Paso-Las Cruces	TX-NM	International border transport, geography, and industrial emissions.
19	Tulsa-Bartlesville	OK	Emerging hotspot; significant jump in rankings due to industrial activity and heat.
20	San Antonio-New Braunfels	TX	Rapid population growth and traffic density.
21	St. Louis	MO-IL	Industrial legacy and coal-fired power plants in the region.
22	Albuquerque-Santa Fe	NM	High altitude and heat; regional transport.
23	Colorado Springs	CO	Similar drivers to Denver; topography and population growth.
24	Redding-Red Bluff	CA	Northern end of the Central Valley; acts as a cul-de-sac for pollution drifting north.
25	Sheboygan	WI	A unique case; "lake breeze" effect transports ozone precursors from Chicago and Milwaukee north along the Lake Michigan shoreline.²¹

Analysis: The list confirms that ozone is fundamentally a "sun and traffic" problem. However, the presence of Sheboygan, WI, and Fort Collins, CO, highlights the role of meteorology (lake breezes, mountain barriers) in transporting pollution far from its source. The "background" ozone level is rising due to climate change, making it harder for these regions to attain standards even if they reduce local emissions.²¹

4.2 The Annual Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Crisis: Chronic Exposure

Annual PM2.5 rankings reveal the regions where residents are chronically exposed to soot, dust, and smoke. This list is heavily impacted by the EPA's 2024 standard revision.

Table 3: Top 25 Most Polluted Districts by Annual PM2.5 (2024 Rankings)

Incorporating 2023 Design Values and ALA Data.³

Rank	Metropolitan Area	Design Value (µg/m³)	Context & Key Sources
1	Bakersfield	16.2	The undisputed worst. Ag dust, ammonia (fertilizer), oil extraction, diesel freight, and stagnant air.³
2	Visalia	16.0	Adjacent to Bakersfield; dominated by dairy ammonia and highway emissions.
3	Fresno-Madera-Hanford	14.8	Central Valley hub. Wood burning and agricultural transport are key drivers.
4	Eugene-Springfield	High	Willamette Valley wood smoke and wildfire impacts from Cascadian fires.
5	San Jose-SF-Oakland	9.6	A mix of urban density and increasingly frequent wildfire smoke impacts.
6	Detroit-Warren-Ann Arbor	~11.6	New Nonattainment. Heavy industry, steel mills, international bridge traffic (diesel), and legacy slag issues.¹⁶
7	Sacramento-Roseville	9.9	Rice straw burning (agricultural) and urban transport.
8	Medford-Grants Pass	High	Oregon wildfire smoke and wood heating.
9	Phoenix-Mesa	High	Desert dust and urban expansion.
10	Fairbanks	Serious Nonattainment	Extreme winter inversions trap wood/coal smoke at -40°F.
11	Indianapolis-Carmel	High	Industrial corridors and diesel freight.
12	Pittsburgh-Weirton	10.9	Legacy steel industry and coal combustion.
13	Houston-Pasadena	High	Petrochemical emissions.
14	Cleveland-Akron	High	Industrial belt.
15	Cincinnati-Wilmington	High	Ohio River Valley industrial corridor.
16	Chicago-Naperville	High	Dense urban and freight hub.
17	El Centro	10.2	Imperial Valley agricultural dust.
18	St. Louis	High	Industrial legacy.
19	Tulsa-Bartlesville	High	Oil and gas operations.
20	San Antonio	High	Urban expansion.
21	Los Angeles-Long Beach	12.2	Port emissions and diesel trucks.
22	Yakima	High	Agricultural valley with wildfire smoke.
23	Kansas City	High	Regional transport.
24	Corpus Christi	High	Coastal industrial operations.
25	Augusta	9.7	Southern prescribed burning and urban sprawl.

Analysis: The 2024 rankings show a clear bifurcation. The West is dominated by "organic" PM2.5 (wildfire smoke, wood burning) and "geological" PM2.5 (dust), exacerbated by terrain. The East/Midwest (Detroit, Pittsburgh, Indianapolis) is dominated by "anthropogenic" PM2.5—industrial combustion, coal, and diesel. The re-emergence of Rust Belt cities on this list highlights that industrial pollution is far from solved.

4.3 The 24-Hour Particulate Matter (Short-Term) Crisis

This ranking reflects acute episodes—days where the air is visibly thick with smoke or smog. This list is overwhelmingly dominated by the Western U.S., where wildfire seasons are growing longer and more intense.

Table 4: Top 10 Most Polluted Districts by 24-Hour PM2.5 (Acute Spikes)

Rank	District	State	Mechanism of Failure
1	Bakersfield	CA	Winter inversions trap residential wood smoke + Ag burning.
2	Fresno-Madera	CA	Similar to Bakersfield; compounded by Sierra Nevada wildfire smoke settling in the valley.
3	Fairbanks	AK	Extreme Inversions. Wood/Coal smoke trapped at -40°F.
4	Eugene-Springfield	OR	"Smoke Season." Willamette Valley traps smoke from Cascadian fires.
5	Visalia	CA	Central Valley dynamics; consistently hazardous during fire season.
6	Reno-Carson City	NV	Downwind from mega-fires in California (Dixie, Caldor fires).
7	San Jose-SF-Oakland	CA	Bay Area topography traps smoke; increasing frequency of "Spare the Air" days.
8	Yakima	WA	Eastern Washington topography traps smoke from British Columbia and local fires.
9	Los Angeles	CA	Urban density + nearby mountain fires.
10	Sacramento	CA	Central Valley drainage basin for Northern California smoke.

5. State-Level Analysis: The Ranking Controversy

Determining the "worst" state depends entirely on the metric chosen. This has led to conflicting narratives in media and policy circles.

5.1 The Case for California as #1 (ALA/EPA Standards)

By regulatory metrics, California is unequivocally the state with the worst air quality.

Nonattainment: It contains the most extreme nonattainment areas (San Joaquin Valley, South Coast) in the nation.

Population at Risk: Over 90% of Californians live in areas with failing grades for at least one pollutant.²³

Intensity: The raw concentrations in places like Bakersfield (>16 µg/m³) are nearly double those of the "worst" cities in other states.³

Driver: A unique combination of massive population, diverse emission sources (ports, ag, tech, oil), and "pollution-trapping" topography.

5.2 The Case for Georgia and the South (HouseFresh/IQAir)

In 2024, HouseFresh ranked Georgia as the state with the worst air quality (8.9 µg/m³ avg), followed closely by Arkansas and Mississippi.⁴

Methodology: This ranking used land-area weighting. Georgia has widespread particulate matter across its rural counties, not just in cities.

Sources: The primary drivers in Georgia are prescribed burning (vital for forestry management but a major source of PM2.5), agricultural dust, and the sprawling traffic of the Atlanta metro area which impacts a massive geographic footprint.¹⁴

Implication: While Georgia lacks the extreme "purple/maroon" days of California, it has a high "background" level of pollution that affects the entire state, unlike California where coastal areas can be relatively clean while inland valleys choke.

5.3 The Columbus, Ohio Anomaly

In 2023, IQAir ranked Columbus, Ohio, as the most polluted major city in the U.S.

The Discrepancy: The ALA ranked it only 54th worst.

The Cause: IQAir's data captured the Canadian Wildfire Smoke events of 2023, which blanketed the Midwest. The EPA allows states to flag these as "exceptional events" and exclude them from regulatory design values. Therefore, Columbus is "compliant" by EPA standards but was "hazardous" by lived experience.²⁴

Reality: Columbus has a real but moderate problem with ozone and PM2.5 from transport and regional coal, but the "worst in nation" title was a temporary artifact of the 2023 wildfire season.

6. Regional Deep Dives: The Anatomy of Pollution

6.1 The San Joaquin Valley (CA): The Bowl of Pollution

The San Joaquin Valley (SJV) is an agricultural powerhouse producing much of the nation's food, but it comes at a steep respiratory cost.

Topography: The valley is enclosed by the Sierra Nevada (east), Coast Ranges (west), and Tehachapi Mountains (south). This creates a near-perfect trap for air masses.

Chemistry: The valley is rich in ammonia (from dairy manure and fertilizer) and NOx (from diesel trucks on I-5). These react to form ammonium nitrate, a potent component of PM2.5.²⁶

Status: The region has failed to meet multiple deadlines for Clean Air Act attainment. The 2024 PM2.5 Plan seeks a 5-year extension to 2030, admitting that attainment is currently impossible without destroying the local economy.²⁶

6.2 Fairbanks North Star Borough (AK): The Cold Trap

Fairbanks represents a distinct meteorological phenomenon.

The Mechanism: During winter, temperatures drop to -40°F. The ground cools rapidly, creating a strong temperature inversion (cold air trapped under warm air). This "lid" can sit over the city for weeks.

The Source: Residents rely on wood stoves, coal heaters, and oil furnaces for survival. The emissions from these sources are trapped at ground level, creating a toxic "ice fog."

Chemical Profile: Analysis shows high levels of sulfate (32.7%) and wood smoke markers (19.3%). Unlike other regions, reducing primary sulfate (from fuel) may inadvertently increase the acidity of the particles, complicating remediation.²⁷

Serious Nonattainment: The EPA has classified Fairbanks as a "Serious" nonattainment area. Recent SIPs have been partially disapproved, leading to the threat of federal sanctions.²⁹

6.3 "Cancer Alley" (Louisiana): The Toxic Corridor

While criteria pollutants (PM/Ozone) are the focus of most rankings, the 85-mile corridor between Baton Rouge and New Orleans suffers from a different plague: Air Toxics.

The Pollutants: Ethylene oxide (sterilizer), chloroprene (neoprene production), benzene, and formaldehyde.³⁰

The Risk: EPA data indicates cancer risks in parishes like St. John the Baptist are among the highest in the nation—up to 84.55 per million, nearly triple the acceptable baseline.³¹

Monitoring Gap: These toxins are not measured by standard PM2.5 monitors. Consequently, a parish might appear "green" on an AirNow map while residents are inhaling carcinogens. Recent mobile monitoring vans have detected ethylene oxide hotspots near facilities that stationary networks miss.³²

Parish Rankings (Cancer Risk per Million):

Parish	Cancer Risk (per million)
St. John the Baptist Parish	84.55
Ascension Parish	56.67
Iberville Parish	56.00
St. Charles Parish	50.77

7. The Unmonitored Frontier

A critical blind spot in American air quality surveillance is the lack of monitors in rural and exurban areas. The ALA's "Something in the Air" report utilized satellite data to estimate pollution in these "dark zones."

Identified Unmonitored Hotspots³³:

Forsyth County, GA: A rapidly growing suburb of Atlanta. Satellite data suggests high PM2.5 from construction and traffic, unrecorded by ground stations.
St. Tammany Parish, LA: Likely impacted by the nearby industrial corridor, yet officially unmonitored for key pollutants.
Mohave County, AZ: Impacted by transport from California and local dust.
St. Charles County, MO: Part of the St. Louis metro area airshed but lacking sufficient local data.

Implication: The "Worst" lists are likely incomplete. There are almost certainly communities in the exurbs of major metropolises or near rural industrial plants breathing unhealthy air that never gets recorded in a database.

8. Conclusion

The 2024-2025 air quality landscape in the United States is defined by a widening gap between successful regulation of industrial point sources and the uncontrollable nature of climate-driven pollution.

Summary of Findings:

Worst Overall District: Bakersfield, California, retains the title of the most polluted city in America, ranking #1 for both Annual PM2.5 and Short-Term PM2.5, and #3 for Ozone. It is the epicenter of the nation's air quality crisis.

Worst State (Pollution Density): California leads in extreme nonattainment and population exposure. However, Georgia represents a significant "background" pollution problem spread across a wider geographic area.

Most Toxic Region: "Cancer Alley" (St. John the Baptist Parish, LA) represents the highest cancer risk from air toxics, a crisis distinct from, but just as deadly as, the particulate matter crisis.

Greatest Regulatory Challenge: The reclassification of Detroit, Atlanta, and Pittsburgh to nonattainment under the new 9.0 µg/m³ standard signals that the fight for clean air in the industrial East is far from over.

As climate change intensifies wildfire seasons in the West and heat domes in the South, the "attainment" of air quality standards will become increasingly difficult. The "Columbus Anomaly" of 2023—where a compliant city became the world's most polluted due to distant fires—is likely a harbinger of the future: a nation where local regulations are increasingly overwhelmed by continental-scale pollution events.

Works Cited

Air Quality - National Summary | US EPA
AQD | National Ambient Air Quality 2024 Revision | ADEQ
Staff Report PM2.5 Area Designation Recommendations for the 2024 Annual PM2.5 NAAQS
The worst states and cities for air quality - HouseFresh
Map Shows the Best and Worst States for Air Quality
Illinois Air Quality Report 2023
FNSB PM2.5 Design Value Comparison | AK Dept. of Environmental Conservation
9 ug/m3 Annual PM2.5 Standard Workshop - California Air Resources Board
Methodology | State of the Air - American Lung Association
Most Polluted Cities | State of the Air - American Lung Association
2024 'State of the Air' Report Reveals Most 'Hazardous' Air Quality Days in 25 Years
Explore Overall in the United States | AHR - America's Health Rankings
Air Quality Rating by State | Air Oasis
Revised Particulate Matter (PM) NAAQS and Potential Prescribed fire impacts - SERPPAS
EGLE Letterhead Executive Office - State of Michigan
2024 Michigan Air Quality Monitoring DRAFT Report
New Report: Atlanta's Air Quality Worsens - American Lung Association
Cooking emissions rival fossil fuels as an ozone pollution source in Los Angeles
The worst US cities for air pollution – and why they are on the West Coast
Lung Association State of the Air report 2024 Highlights Air Quality Concerns | ADEQ
Ozone Pollution Trends | State of the Air | American Lung Association
Fresno Air Improves. Where Does It Rank in the US? - GV Wire
World's worst polluted cities are in Asia, report finds. America's worst is in Ohio
Does Columbus really have the most polluted air among all major U.S. cities?
2024 Plan for the 2012 Annual PM2.5 Standard - Valley Air District
Long-Term Air Quality Study in Fairbanks, Alaska - MDPI
New research has implications for Fairbanks winter air quality improvement | UAF
Final Fairbanks Air Quality Plan | US EPA
What is Cancer Alley? Louisiana Factories & Toxic Chemicals
Ranking by Air Toxics Cancer Risk - Counties in Louisiana
The Shocking Hazards of Louisiana's Cancer Alley | Johns Hopkins
Satellite Technology Reveals Potentially High Levels of Air Pollution in Forsyth County
Satellite Technology Reveals Potentially High Levels of Air Pollution in St. Tammany Parish

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